The European Union has officially passed the AI Act, becoming the first jurisdiction in the world to adopt a risk-based regulatory framework for artificial intelligence. The law categorizes AI systems into:
- minimal-risk
- high-risk
- prohibited
- general-purpose
It also imposes strict controls over facial recognition, biometric surveillance, and AI systems used in education, healthcare, and employment — areas where algorithmic decisions may directly impact fundamental rights.
Analysts describe the legislation as a “foundational milestone” that will influence global AI governance for years to come.